In recent years, with the "people-oriented" design concept of the proposed residential comfort people have become increasingly demanding, building energy consumption also will increase. According to statistics, China's national economy, building energy consumption accounts for about 25% of the total energy consumption, and on the rise .On the other hand, with the increase in building energy consumption and large air-conditioning installation, "urban heat island effect" is worsening, deteriorating the environment. China's building energy efficiency should focus on are: ontology building energy-saving, energy-saving heating system, improve the efficiency of lighting and other electrical appliances, large public building energy efficiency. With the ever-changing science and technology, energy shortage has not be ignored, a worldwide energy conservation has been widespread concern in China is no exception. At present, nearly 30% of the world's energy consumption in buildings, the long run, it will seriously affect the world economy and sustainable development. Therefore, the energy issue will become a hot topic in this century. This article focuses on talking about the existing building energy problems, solutions and future direction of development.

 

建筑節(jié)能是一項綜合的大型的系統(tǒng)工程，涉及國家的能源政策，也涉及到建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、建筑熱工、建筑設(shè)備、建筑電氣、技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)、計算機(jī)軟件等專業(yè)的技術(shù)、資料、經(jīng)驗。但是就目前已建成的節(jié)能建筑物來看，窗戶過于小，又不能開啟，恐怕還不符合一般人的生活習(xí)慣，而且在建筑本身的節(jié)能上考慮較多，而其中的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，采用高效節(jié)能的主機(jī)和合理的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，建筑內(nèi)部的熱回收的考慮，尚嫌不足。下面僅就空調(diào)、采暖、熱水供應(yīng)兩個節(jié)能的重大課題，作一介紹。

熱泵技術(shù)是一種熱能回收技術(shù)。使用熱泵技術(shù)，利用空氣、水或土壤中所蘊(yùn)藏的趨于無限的能量，一年四季都可以取出其中的熱量來制造熱水；或者將熱量排放到空氣、水、土壤中。利用熱泵原理制造的空調(diào)冷熱水機(jī)組或者熱泵熱水機(jī)組都是一種制冷供熱效率都大于1的設(shè)備。無論是水源熱泵或者空氣源熱泵，都是可以吸取低溫水源或空氣源的熱量，再將這一些熱量連同本身所消耗的一部分電能所轉(zhuǎn)化的熱量，轉(zhuǎn)送到常溫環(huán)境條件下去應(yīng)用。利用熱泵技術(shù)，可以充分利用空調(diào)的余熱，制造出空調(diào)和生活熱水同時產(chǎn)生的“兩用機(jī)組”，或者稱之為“熱回收機(jī)組”—在夏季利用空調(diào)用的冷水機(jī)組的冷凝熱回收，可以很方便地得到生活熱水；而在冬季，對于仍需要部分空調(diào)降溫的場合，也比較容易利用空調(diào)余熱來制取生活熱水。例如，南方某酒店的大型中央空調(diào)系統(tǒng)，利用部分空調(diào)冷回水為熱源，加裝一臺水源熱泵熱水機(jī)組，達(dá)到了為酒店全年供應(yīng)生活熱水的目的。冬季水源熱泵的蒸發(fā)側(cè)產(chǎn)生的冷水（7℃），仍可以供應(yīng)部分需要空調(diào)降溫的房間（例如，KTV包間、餐廳、歌舞迪斯科舞廳等等），而大型空調(diào)冷水機(jī)組可以關(guān)閉不用利用空調(diào)冷回水為熱源的水源熱泵空調(diào)供熱水兩用系統(tǒng)的簡單流程可見圖1。